有时候需要在工程里面获取一些系统或者硬件的信息,比如系统版本,cpu,内存,显卡,硬盘,网络等,作为后续软件功能判断的依据,甚至参与性能算法自适应建模
Windows
操作系统和内存信息在windows下通过系统的API来获取,CPU信息则需要需要通过底层CPUID指令取得
代码:
#include <iostream> #include <string> #include <string.h> #include <winsock2.h> // include must before window.h #include <iphlpapi.h> #include <windows.h> #pragma comment(lib, "iphlpapi.lib") #pragma warning(disable: 4996) // avoid GetVersionEx to be warned // ***** global macros ***** // static const int kMaxInfoBuffer = 256; #define GBYTES 1073741824 #define MBYTES 1048576 #define KBYTES 1024 #define DKBYTES 1024.0 // ---- get os info ---- // void getOsInfo() { // get os name according to version number OSVERSIONINFO osver = { sizeof(OSVERSIONINFO) }; GetVersionEx(&osver); std::string os_name; if (osver.dwMajorVersion == 5 && osver.dwMinorVersion == 0) os_name = "Windows 2000"; else if (osver.dwMajorVersion == 5 && osver.dwMinorVersion == 1) os_name = "Windows XP"; else if (osver.dwMajorVersion == 6 && osver.dwMinorVersion == 0) os_name = "Windows 2003"; else if (osver.dwMajorVersion == 5 && osver.dwMinorVersion == 2) os_name = "windows vista"; else if (osver.dwMajorVersion == 6 && osver.dwMinorVersion == 1) os_name = "windows 7"; else if (osver.dwMajorVersion == 6 && osver.dwMinorVersion == 2) os_name = "windows 10"; std::cout << "os name: " << os_name << std::endl; std::cout << "os version: " << osver.dwMajorVersion << '.' << osver.dwMinorVersion << std::endl; } // ---- get cpu info ---- // #ifdef _WIN64 // method 2: usde winapi, works for x86 and x64 #include <intrin.h> void getCpuInfo() { int cpuInfo[4] = {-1}; char cpu_manufacture[32] = { 0 }; char cpu_type[32] = { 0 }; char cpu_freq[32] = { 0 }; __cpuid(cpuInfo, 0x80000002); memcpy(cpu_manufacture, cpuInfo, sizeof(cpuInfo)); __cpuid(cpuInfo, 0x80000003); memcpy(cpu_type, cpuInfo, sizeof(cpuInfo)); __cpuid(cpuInfo, 0x80000004); memcpy(cpu_freq, cpuInfo, sizeof(cpuInfo)); std::cout << "CPU manufacture: " << cpu_manufacture << std::endl; std::cout << "CPU type: " << cpu_type << std::endl; std::cout << "CPU main frequency: " << cpu_freq << std::endl; } #else // mothed 1: this kind asm embedded in code only works in x86 build // save 4 register variables DWORD deax; DWORD debx; DWORD decx; DWORD dedx; // init cpu in assembly language void initCpu(DWORD veax) { __asm { mov eax, veax cpuid mov deax, eax mov debx, ebx mov decx, ecx mov dedx, edx } } long getCpuFreq() { int start, over; _asm { RDTSC mov start, eax } Sleep(50); _asm { RDTSC mov over, eax } return (over - start) / 50000; } std::string getManufactureID() { char manuID[25]; memset(manuID, 0, sizeof(manuID)); initCpu(0); memcpy(manuID + 0, &debx, 4); // copy to array memcpy(manuID + 4, &dedx, 4); memcpy(manuID + 8, &decx, 4); return manuID; } std::string getCpuType() { const DWORD id = 0x80000002; // start 0x80000002 end to 0x80000004 char cpuType[49]; memset(cpuType, 0, sizeof(cpuType)); for (DWORD t = 0; t < 3; t++) { initCpu(id + t); memcpy(cpuType + 16 * t + 0, &deax, 4); memcpy(cpuType + 16 * t + 4, &debx, 4); memcpy(cpuType + 16 * t + 8, &decx, 4); memcpy(cpuType + 16 * t + 12, &dedx, 4); } return cpuType; } void getCpuInfo() { std::cout << "CPU manufacture: " << getManufactureID() << std::endl; std::cout << "CPU type: " << getCpuType() << std::endl; std::cout << "CPU main frequency: " << getCpuFreq() << "MHz" << std::endl; } #endif // ---- get memory info ---- // void getMemoryInfo() { std::string memory_info; MEMORYSTATUSEX statusex; statusex.dwLength = sizeof(statusex); if (GlobalMemoryStatusEx(&statusex)) { unsigned long long total = 0, remain_total = 0, avl = 0, remain_avl = 0; double decimal_total = 0, decimal_avl = 0; remain_total = statusex.ullTotalPhys % GBYTES; total = statusex.ullTotalPhys / GBYTES; avl = statusex.ullAvailPhys / GBYTES; remain_avl = statusex.ullAvailPhys % GBYTES; if (remain_total > 0) decimal_total = (remain_total / MBYTES) / DKBYTES; if (remain_avl > 0) decimal_avl = (remain_avl / MBYTES) / DKBYTES; decimal_total += (double)total; decimal_avl += (double)avl; char buffer[kMaxInfoBuffer]; sprintf_s(buffer, kMaxInfoBuffer, "total %.2f GB (%.2f GB available)", decimal_total, decimal_avl); memory_info.append(buffer); } std::cout << memory_info << std::endl; } // ---- get harddisk info ---- // std::string execCmd(const char *cmd) { char buffer[128] = { 0 }; std::string result; FILE *pipe = _popen(cmd, "r"); if (!pipe) throw std::runtime_error("_popen() failed!"); while (!feof(pipe)) { if (fgets(buffer, 128, pipe) != NULL) result += buffer; } _pclose(pipe); return result; } void getHardDiskInfo() { std::string hd_seiral = execCmd("wmic path win32_physicalmedia get SerialNumber"); std::cout << "HardDisk Serial Number: " << hd_seiral << std::endl; } // ---- get network info ---- // void getNetworkInfo() { // PIP_ADAPTER_INFO struct contains network information PIP_ADAPTER_INFO pIpAdapterInfo = new IP_ADAPTER_INFO(); unsigned long adapter_size = sizeof(IP_ADAPTER_INFO); int ret = GetAdaptersInfo(pIpAdapterInfo, &adapter_size); if (ret == ERROR_BUFFER_OVERFLOW) { // overflow, use the output size to recreate the handler delete pIpAdapterInfo; pIpAdapterInfo = (PIP_ADAPTER_INFO)new BYTE[adapter_size]; ret = GetAdaptersInfo(pIpAdapterInfo, &adapter_size); } if (ret == ERROR_SUCCESS) { int card_index = 0; // may have many cards, it saved in linklist while (pIpAdapterInfo) { std::cout << "---- " << "NetworkCard " << ++card_index << " ----" << std::endl; std::cout << "Network Card Name: " << pIpAdapterInfo->AdapterName << std::endl; std::cout << "Network Card Description: " << pIpAdapterInfo->Description << std::endl; // get IP, one card may have many IPs PIP_ADDR_STRING pIpAddr = &(pIpAdapterInfo->IpAddressList); while (pIpAddr) { char local_ip[128] = { 0 }; strcpy(local_ip, pIpAddr->IpAddress.String); std::cout << "Local IP: " << local_ip << std::endl; pIpAddr = pIpAddr->Next; } char local_mac[128] = { 0 }; int char_index = 0; for (int i = 0; i < pIpAdapterInfo->AddressLength; i++) { char temp_str[10] = { 0 }; sprintf(temp_str, "%02X-", pIpAdapterInfo->Address[i]); // X for uppercase, x for lowercase strcpy(local_mac + char_index, temp_str); char_index += 3; } local_mac[17] = '\0'; // remove tail '-' std::cout << "Local Mac: " << local_mac << std::endl; // here just need the first card info break; // iterate next //pIpAdapterInfo = pIpAdapterInfo->Next; } } if (pIpAdapterInfo) delete pIpAdapterInfo; } int main(int argc, char *argv[]) { std::cout << "=== os information ===" << std::endl; getOsInfo(); std::cout << "=== cpu infomation ===" << std::endl; getCpuInfo(); std::cout << "=== memory information ===" << std::endl; getMemoryInfo(); std::cout << "=== harddisk information ===" << std::endl; getHardDiskInfo(); std::cout << "=== network information ===" << std::endl; getNetworkInfo(); system("pause"); return 0; }
=== os information ===
os name: windows 10
os version: 6.2
=== cpu infomation ===
CPU manufacture: GenuineIntel
CPU type: Intel(R) Core(TM) i7-8700 CPU @ 3.20GHz
CPU main frequency: 3231MHz
=== memory information ===
total 7.92 GB (4.00 GB available)
=== harddisk information ===
HardDisk Serial Number: SerialNumber
0100_0000_0000_0000.
W9A5EXTF
NA8QC8GM
=== network information ===
---- NetworkCard 1 ----
Network Card Name: {50C5A628-46B0-4009-9200-5CE1FD512B2B}
Network Card Description: Realtek PCIe GBE Family Controller
Local IP: 192.168.3.2
Local Mac: 0C-9D-92-1A-DE-A6
Linux
linux下很多信息都是存放着系统的/proc目录下,因此读文件就可以获取到了
代码:
#include <stdio.h> #include <stdlib.h> #include <string.h> // mostly need to read the linux config files to get system info // ---- get os info ---- // void getOsInfo() { FILE *fp = fopen("/proc/version", "r"); if(NULL == fp) printf("failed to open version\n"); char szTest[1000] = {0}; while(!feof(fp)) { memset(szTest, 0, sizeof(szTest)); fgets(szTest, sizeof(szTest) - 1, fp); // leave out \n printf("%s", szTest); } fclose(fp); } // ---- get cpu info ---- // void getCpuInfo() { FILE *fp = fopen("/proc/cpuinfo", "r"); if(NULL == fp) printf("failed to open cpuinfo\n"); char szTest[1000] = {0}; // read file line by line while(!feof(fp)) { memset(szTest, 0, sizeof(szTest)); fgets(szTest, sizeof(szTest) - 1, fp); // leave out \n printf("%s", szTest); } fclose(fp); } // ---- get memory info ---- // void getMemoryInfo() { FILE *fp = fopen("/proc/meminfo", "r"); if(NULL == fp) printf("failed to open meminfo\n"); char szTest[1000] = {0}; while(!feof(fp)) { memset(szTest, 0, sizeof(szTest)); fgets(szTest, sizeof(szTest) - 1, fp); printf("%s", szTest); } fclose(fp); } // ---- get harddisk info ---- // #include <fcntl.h> #include <sys/ioctl.h> #include <linux/hdreg.h> void getHardDiskInfo() { // use cmd, this is the only way static struct hd_driveid hd; int fd; if ((fd = open("/dev/sda", O_RDONLY | O_NONBLOCK)) < 0) { printf("ERROR opening /dev/sda\n"); return; } if (!ioctl(fd, HDIO_GET_IDENTITY, &hd)) { printf("model ", hd.model); printf("HardDisk Serial Number: %.20s\n", hd.serial_no); } else printf("no available harddisk info"); } // ---- get network info ---- // #include <ifaddrs.h> #include <sys/socket.h> #include <arpa/inet.h> #include <sys/ioctl.h> #include <linux/if.h> void getNetworkInfo() { // get ip, works for linux and mac os, best method struct ifaddrs *ifAddrStruct = NULL; struct ifaddrs *ifa = NULL; getifaddrs(&ifAddrStruct); for (ifa = ifAddrStruct; ifa != NULL; ifa = ifa->ifa_next) { if (!ifa->ifa_addr) continue; // check if IP4 if (ifa->ifa_addr->sa_family == AF_INET) { void *tmpAddrPtr = &((struct sockaddr_in *)ifa->ifa_addr)->sin_addr; char local_ip[INET_ADDRSTRLEN]; inet_ntop(AF_INET, tmpAddrPtr, local_ip, INET_ADDRSTRLEN); // actually only need external ip printf("%s IP: %s\n", ifa->ifa_name, local_ip); } } if (ifAddrStruct) freeifaddrs(ifAddrStruct); // get mac, need to create socket first, may not work for mac os struct ifreq ifr; int fd = socket(AF_INET, SOCK_DGRAM, 0); char local_mac[128] = { 0 }; strcpy(ifr.ifr_name, "eth0"); // only need ethernet card if (0 == ioctl(fd, SIOCGIFHWADDR, &ifr)) { char temp_str[10] = { 0 }; memcpy(temp_str, ifr.ifr_hwaddr.sa_data, 6); sprintf(local_mac, "%02x-%02x-%02x-%02x-%02x-%02x", temp_str[0]&0xff, temp_str[1]&0xff, temp_str[2]&0xff, temp_str[3]&0xff, temp_str[4]&0xff, temp_str[5]&0xff); } printf("Local Mac: %s\n", local_mac); } int main(int argc, char **argv) { printf("=== os information ===\n"); getOsInfo(); printf("=== cpu infomation ===\n"); getCpuInfo(); printf("=== memory information ===\n"); getMemoryInfo(); printf("=== harddisk information ===\n"); getHardDiskInfo(); printf("=== network information ===\n"); getNetworkInfo(); return 0; }
结果:
===os information===
Linux version 4.8.6-300.fc25.x86_64 (mockbuild@bkernel02.phx2.fedoraproject.org) (gcc version 6.2.1 20160916 (Red Hat 6.2.1-2) (GCC) ) #1 SMP Tue Nov 1 12:36:38 UTC 2016
===cpu infomation===
processor : 0
vendor_id : GenuineIntel
cpu family : 6
model : 58
model name : Intel(R) Core(TM) i5-3230M CPU @ 2.60GHz
stepping : 9
microcode : 0x1b
cpu MHz : 2599.755
cache size : 3072 KB
===memory information===
MemTotal: 3061552 kB
MemFree: 89584 kB
MemAvailable: 596876 kB
Buffers: 70372 kB
Cached: 707548 kB
SwapCached: 392 kB
=== harddisk information ===
HardDisk Serial Number: 0520B6776730A1F4
=== network information ===
lo IP: 127.0.0.1
eth0 IP: 192.168.136.140
Local Mac: 00-0c-29-ec-7a-80
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